DOS (Disk Operating System)
MS-DOS
What is MS-DOS ?
MS-DOS, the acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating
System, is an operating system with a command-line interface
used on personal computers. As with other operating systems
such as OS/2, it translates keyboard input by the user into
operations the computer can perform, it also
oversees
operations such as disk input and output, video support,
keyboard control, and many internal functions related to
program execution and file maintenance.
Notes
- To open a command prompt, click Start,
point to All Programs, point to Accessories, and
then click Command Prompt.
- Creating a program
information file (PIF) for an MS-DOS-based program creates a shortcut to
the program executable. All the settings saved in the PIF file are
contained in the shortcut.
 |
| MS DOS Screen |
1. File name conversion: - Any file contains a name that is divided
into two parts and separate with single dot.
(1)Primary
Name: - It contains maximum 8 characters.
(2)Extension
Name: - It can have maximum 3 characters . Ex-Ram , xyz ,etc.
File Name can have the following character:-
(1) An alphabet (A to Z)
(2) Numeric (0 to
9)
(3) Other character (% , $ , @ , etc.)
There are two commands in Ms-Dos.
1) INTERNAL COMMAND
2) EXTERNAL COMMAND
1) Internal
command :- These commands are also called memory resident
command these commands are automatically loaded into the booting
process . There are actually includes in command. Internal command are DIR, MD,
DATE, VER, VOL, CD, COPY CON, TYPE, XCOPY, CLS, DEL, REN, PATH.
Uses of commands:-
(1) Date: - These commands are used to see the current system date or to
change the
current system date.
Syntax : - Date
(2) Version: - Display the windows version.
Syntax : - Ver
(3) Time: - These commands are used to check or change the current
system time.
Syntax : -Time
(4) Volume: - It is used to see volume label of any disk and serial
number.
Syntax :-Vol
(5) Make Directory: - It is used to create new directory.
Syntax:
-Md_directory name
(6) Change Directory(inside): - It is used to go inside of any directory.
Syntax
: - Cd_Directory name
(7) Change Directory(outside): - It is used to go outside of any directory
.
Syntax : - Cd..
(8) Remove Directory: - It is used to delete directory but
directory should be empty.
Syntax:
- Rd_Directory name
(9) Clear screen :- It is used to clear the screen.
Syntax: - Cls
(10) Dir (Display Directory): -This command is used to display the list of
files
and directories.
Syntax: -Dir
2) External Command:- These
command are called disk resident command. These commands distinction in hard
disk and floppy disk. Example :- Xcopy, Label, Mem, Edit, More, Exit, etc.
Use of commands:-
1) Xcopy :- This command is used to copy any directory along with all
file and directory
to
another directory.
Syntax:-Xcopy_Source
Directory_Target directory
2) Label :- These command allows to change label of any disk.
Syntax:- Label_Drive name
3) Move :- This command can move one directory to another directory.
Syntax:- Move_Source directory_Target directory
4) Memory: - This command is used to display total and available memory.
Syntax:-Mem/p (Present Memory)
5) Edit:- This command is used to Edit a file.
Syntax:-Edit_File name
6) More:- This file is used to see the contact of any long file
without opening it.
Syntax:- More_File name
7) Copy Con :- It is used to create a new file.
Syntax:-Copy Con_File
name
Write your text
them to save this text Press F6 or CTRL+Z
8) Type: - It is used to see the Content of any text file.
Syntax:-Type_File name
9) Del:- This command is used to delete any file.
Syntax:-Del_file name
10) Ren:- It is used to
rename any file.
Syntax:-Ren_File name
11) Prompt: - It is used to customize drive name Prompt.
Syntax :-Prompt_name
12) Print :- This command is used to print any file.
Syntax: - Print_file
name
13) Tree :- this command display a visual tree of the directory structure
your disk.
Syntax :- Tree_drive
name
14) Exit: - This command is
used to exit from dos.
Syntax: - Exit
15) Fc (file comparison) :- This command is used to make comparison
between two file.
Syntax
:- FC_1st file_2nd file
16) ATTRIB :- We
can used this command to hide or unhide or to make only file read only.
i) Read only file (R) (+R)
only read file
ii) Archive File
(A) (-R) edit file
iii) Hidden file (H) (-H)
Hide file
iv) System File (S) (-H)
Hide not file
Syntax
:- attrib_(+R) (+A) (+H) (-H)_file name
17) Format :- This command is used to format a new floppy disk for making
tracks or
sector on The disk in order to copy a file.
Syntax :-Format_Drive name
18) Sort :- This command is
used to arrange all name or line of any file in
alphabetically Ascending (A to Z) or descending (Z to A)
Syntax
:- Sort_File name_more (A to Z)
Sort_File
name_ Rimore (Z to A)
19) Find :- This command is used search letter or words in a particular
file
Syntax
:- Find _”word of find”_file name
20) CHKDSK (Check disk) :-This command is used to check the disk status
like
total space of disk Number of fileof file disk space used
and vacant.
Syntax
:- chkdsk_ Drive name.
21) Help :- Anything and everything about any dos command you can find
with the
help of help command.
Syntax :- help
Uses Of Switches: -
1) Dir/p: - this switch allow us to see once screen full of files, at a
time.
Syntax: -Dir/p
2) Dir/w: - Rather them size time and data information this switch
display five
columns
of file name .
Syntax: - Dir/w
3) Dir/S/P: - List all the files directory and all the sub Directories.
Syntax: - Dir/S/P
4) Dir/P/B: - Display only file and directory doesn’t display the volume
label
serial number and current
directory.
Syntax: - Dir/P/B
5) Dir/L: - It display all the information in lower case latter (small
latter).
Syntax: - Dir/L
6) Dir/AD:
- Display the
directory name.
Syntax: - Dir/AD
7) Dir/A_D:
- Display not the
directory name.
Syntax: - Dir/A_D
8) Dir/AS: - display
system file.
Syntax: - Dir/AS
9) Dir/ON:
- Sort in
alphabetical order by name.
Syntax: - Dir/ON
10) Dir/O_N:
- Sort in reverse
alphabetical order by name.
Syntax: - Dir/O_N
11) Dir/OE:
- Sort in
alphabetical by extinction. Ex- OVO, BAT, etc.
Syntax: - Dir/OE
12) Dir/O_E: - Sort in reverse alphabetical order by extinction.
Syntax: - Dir/O_E
13) Dir/Od: - Sort by data and
time oldest first.
Syntax: - Dir/OD
14) Dir/O_D: - sort by data and
time news first.
Syntax: - Dir/O_D
15) Dir/OS: - Sort by file
smaller first.
Syntax: - Dir/O
16) Dir/O_S: - Sort by file
largest first.
Syntax: - Dir/O_S
17) Dir/OG: - list the
directories before file .
Syntax: - Dir/OG
18) Dir/O_G: - List the files before
directory.
Syntax: - Dir/O-G
Labels: CD, CLS, COPY CON, DATE, DEL, DIR, EXTERNAL COMMAND, INTERNAL COMMAND, MD, MS DOS, PATH, REN, TYPE, VER, VOL
posted by vikash kumar kushwaha @ 11:32
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